Definition and proposition of philosophy free essay sample

Meaning and Nature of Definition Definition refers to a process or expression that provides the precise meaning of a word or phrase. A definition (defines) correctly made, will be logically equivalent to the word or phrase being defined (defining). Definition may be either of a present established meaning or of a meaning proposed for the future. Deflation may also refer to a linguistic device that provides an explanation or demonstration of a certain term. It may be viewed as explanation of unfamiliar term by using a familiar term, which is a common technique, called definition by synonyms.In the broader sense it may also mean a. ) the verbal manifestation of the meaning of a term, or b. ) the logical manifestations of the conceptual features of an idea, or c. ) the conceptual manifestation of the nature of an object. Definition has 3 parts or elements: Defining is the term to be defined. Defines is a statement that explains or describes the defining property of the defining. We will write a custom essay sample on Definition and proposition of philosophy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Detonate provides the concrete samples of the extension of the defining. II. Different kinds of Definition There are several types of definitions. They are as follows: a. Nominal Deflation explains or Indicates the term as such, not the thing signified by the term. There are two ways on how to give out the nominal definition: By giving the etymology of the term and by giving synonym and equivalent term. B. ) Connotative Definition gives the essential characteristics possessed in common by the individuals. It explains the essence or nature of the terms referent. C. ) Denotative Definition makes the meaning of the term clear by the application of this term to its referent. D. ) Descriptive Definition gives the meaning of a term by enumerating the characteristics. There are woo ways of describing the referent of the term: By giving the property of the referent and By stating the purpose of the referent. E. ) Reporters Definition provides information about how a term is being used In the same way in numerous language games. F. ) Stipulated Definition proposes to use a term In a very specialized way In a specific language game. G,) Operational Deflation Is where all scientific concepts that should be defined in terms of performable operations fall under Ill. Rules of Definition 1 . The defines should be clearer than the defining wherein the latter should tot appear in the former. 2. )The definition must be affirmative or positive meaning it must not define of what is opposite with its defining. 3. ) Definition must not be circular meaning it must not be described metaphorically or by ways of symbolism. 4. )The definition must tally exactly with the object to be defined. The defining must have the same extension as that of the defines meaning one must not be narrower or broader than the other. Meaning of Judgment Judgment or Enunciation is the product of the second mental operation.Judgment is ability to make realistic appraisals of matters of fact Judgment presupposes that the mind has already formed an idea by simple apprehension. The mind now compares this idea with another idea. Then, it pronounces or renders Judgment whether one idea agrees or disagrees with the other. This mental operation is called Judgment. V. Relationship of Judgment and proposition Proposition, as the term, is the external expression of the concept, so the Proposition is the expression of the Judgment. The Proposition may be defined as a verbal expression in which we affirm or deny an attribute of a subject.It is also sometimes defined as a verbal expression enunciating or Judging a truth or falsity: for it is characteristic of every proposition that it must be either true or false. VI. Nature and Structure of Proposition Proposition is the simplest meaningful system composed of concepts. It is a declarative sentence, which expresses a relation of affirmation and denial between two terms. A proposition is affirmative when one term is affirmed to another term. A proposition is negative when the subject term is denied or negated by the predicate term. It is composed of three elements: subject, predicate and copula.The subject term is that about which something is affirmed or denied; predicate term is that which is affirmed or denied of the subject term; copula indicates the agreement and disagreement between the subject and predicate. VI. Different qualities of Proposition The quality of a proposition is the relation established between the two terms of the proposition. There are two qualities of proposition: Affirmative and Negative. A proposition is affirmative if there is an agreement between the two terms(both the object and predicate agree to each other. A proposition is considered negative when there is an disagreement(the predicate is denied of the subject). Or, proposition that expresses the objective non-identity of the subject with the predicate. VIII. Different quantities of Proposition The quantity of a proposition refers to the number of individuals to whom the subject term applies. There are three quantities of proposition: Universal, Particular and Singular. Universal quantity is the proposition wherein the predicate is affirmed or denied of the whole extension of universal subject.Particular quantity is the proposition wherein the predicate is affirmative, or denied only of a part of the extension of a universal subject. Singular quantity is a proposition wherein the predicate is affirmed or denied of a single individual. Universal Quantity of a Proposition: Most politicians are not moral persons. The predicate moral persons does not contain any sign of singularity. In as much as the copula are not is negative, then the predicate is, therefore is, universal. Example of Predicate Quantity of a Proposition: The predicate a life of goodness is not singular cause an article a can never be a sign of singularity.In as much as the copula is is affirmative, it follows that the predicate is particular. Example of Single Quantity of Proposition: The 1st president of the Philippines is Emilio Gondola. In the given proposition, the predicate Emilio Gondola is a proper noun. Because proper noun is a sign of singularity, we therefore should consider the predicate of the proposition as singular. Example of affirmative quality of proposition: Writer is the health and well-being of the soul. Example of negative quality of proposition: Some bananas are not sweet