Do Rules Contribute to a persons happiness

Do Rules Contribute to a Persons Happiness? Rules and guidelines. The two words which each youngster and even numerous grown-ups hate to hear. When thinking about ‘rules' we consider something which disrupts the general flow of our accomplishing something we may need to. We promptly revile the standard, not thinking how it might be helping us. We intensely wish that it never existed, without truly having the option to fathom what the world would resemble without that rule.What we, as people, neglect to comprehend, is that rules are made essentially to support us. We may discover them irritating, disturbing, and even totally futile, yet they by and large assist us with having a sense of security thus, cheerful. Consider everything in our everyday life which we underestimate. Driving in a vehicle, we anticipate that individuals should stop for us sooner or later when at a crossing point, that is on the grounds that somebody made traffic lights. Speed limits are another significan t principle which numerous individuals find amazingly annoying.Think about this, f there were no street guidelines, OK feel great driving? To all the individuals who consider heading to be a definitive opportunity, OK feel a similar way in the event that you were in steady dread of being murdered? Obviously not! The equivalent goes for rules against murder, burglary, drugs, sexual maltreatment, the rundown never closes. It is a direct result of every one of these guidelines that we are allowed to feel good and glad in our lives. All the principles so far have been governs on a global scale, yet regardless of whether we take a gander at rules in our own dunks they serve the equivalent purpose.Personally, I would consistently get irritated when my folks didn't let me have as much ‘Junk food' as I needed. I would through fits of rage and state that ‘now is the best an ideal opportunity for me to eat Junk, while I'm as yet youthful! ‘ Now, when I consider It, I am amaz ingly happy that my folks controlled me. In the event that I had eaten excessively, I could have had serious medical problems, which would have prevented me from doing such a large number of things which I love doing today, Like playing sports, eating out and Just for the most part getting a charge out of life.Today I am appreciative for the guidelines set somewhere near my folks, since they are a significant explanation behind my satisfaction. By and large, I really accept that rules and guidelines are critical to a people satisfaction. They may not all assistance you out (however as a general rule you may not perceive how they are helping you), yet without them your life would not be close to as pleasant as It Seems to be. As Sheldon Cooper (from The Big Bang Theory) says, Without rules, our whole world would plunge Into Anarchy, and who needs that!

Macroeconomics Most Effective Measure

Question: 1. You have been utilized as a market analyst to instruct the Department with respect to Health and the government about the accompanying issue. The clergyman has contended that raising the assessment on liquor is the best method to decrease liquor maltreatment in our general public. Do you concur or oppose this idea? Clarify why or why not. 2. Clarify the distinction between near favorable position and outright bit of leeway. Answer: Presentation Liquor misuse is a critical danger for the general public essentially due to the social, monetary, budgetary and wellbeing costs identified with its utilization. These costs represent billions of dollars which other could be utilized in a beneficial way to give driving force to financial development. Therefore, the Federal government takes a plenty of measures to debilitate the utilization of liquor. One of the measures in such manner is to build the cost through the utilization of tax assessment. The fundamental point is to decide if this is the best measure to handle this issue. Investigation According to the WHO, tax collection on liquor speaks to ostensibly the most persuasive technique for decrease in liquor control and should be obligatory in countries where liquor utilization is too much high. Further, different logical examinations in such manner, likewise give proof that tax collection is a compelling measure in managing the hazard of liquor misuse (Elder et al., 2010). The effect of inconvenience of backhanded expense on liquor is spoken to in the chart beneath. Due to demanding of the liquor charge, there would be a move in the flexibly bend as appeared previously. Clearly, this would prompt a bringing down of harmony amount while the balance cost would increment and henceforth the issue of liquor misuse can be tended to. In any case, the above examination depends on a nave presumption that the total tax collection weight would be borne by the buyers and thus reflected in the selling value (Mankiw, 2014). In any case, this may not be valid as the appropriation of the tax assessment trouble between the purchaser and vender is basically dictated by the hidden flexibility of interest of the liquor type (Fullerton Metcalf, 2002). This is demonstrated as follows. It is evident from the above diagrams that if there should arise an occurrence of inelastic interest, most of the tax assessment trouble is borne by the purchaser while in the event of interest being versatile, a higher extent of taxation rate is borne by the merchant. Further, the effect of tax assessment on checking the interest likewise is controlled by the fundamental versatility of interest (Krugman Wells, 2013). The assessments on liquor are of backhanded nature and consequently paid by makers or merchants of liquor. These might be given to the different partners in the worth chain remembering the buyers for changing extent. There is absence of clearness among the scientists with respect to the genuine degree of this weight is borne by the purchasers. Further, it has been experimentally seen that the liquor bought from authorized premises are bound to pass the weight of duty to clients, On the other hand, enormous retail anchors and markets will in general ingest a bigger part of the expense and will in general stick to cross sponsorship of liquor from benefits created on food deals (Rabinovich et al., 2009). Subsequently, it is obvious from the above conversation that the value offered to the shoppers would be dependent upon differential degree of tax collection dependent on the spot, decision of mixed beverage and spot of drinking. Thus, it is fitting to enhance the liquor charges with network based mindfulness programs particularly for the young alongside restoration programs for the dependent and defenseless populace. Plus, age and advancements guidelines must be carefully implemented to limit liquor utilization. End From the above conversation, it might be reasoned that despite the fact that tax collection is a compelling measure for tending to the liquor misuse yet at the same time it must not be utilized in disconnection. Or maybe, it ought to be utilized alongside different estimates which mean to decrease the frequency of liquor misuse and look to give recovery to those dependent on liquor. 2. Presentation One of the key focal principles of different exchange speculations is the nearness of bit of leeway by a specific country concerning cost and different blessings that makes exchange rewarding. In such manner, there are two ideas to be specific near preferred position and supreme favorable position which drive the portion of constrained assets between countries in a way that is gainful for them two (Koutsoyiannis, 2013). The hidden point is to feature the contrast between total preferred position and relative favorable position in the setting of universal exchange. Examination The idea of supreme preferred position with regards to global exchange was authored by Adam Smith who opined that if a specific remote country can deliver and gracefully a specific decent at a lower cost when contrasted with the local cost, at that point it is inferred that the outside country has a flat out bit of leeway concerning that specific great. Accordingly, it bodes well to import the given great from remote country and subsequently the increases from worldwide exchange might be procured (Dombusch, Fischer and Startz, 2013). Afterward, the idea of similar favorable position was presented by Ricardo who supported that bit of leeway ought to be resolved not as far as lower creation cost however as far as lower open door cost. Accordingly, any country which has a lower opportunity cost for creation of a given decent when contrasted with the other country has a near bit of leeway in the creation of that specific great (Koutsoyiannis, 2013). This is a better idea as thought about than the total bit of leeway idea as showed from the accompanying model. Consider the accompanying information gave. According to the idea of outright favorable position, Portugal should trade both fabric and wine since it produces the two products at a less expensive work cost when contrasted with England. Opportunity cost of creation of material for England = 5/6 wine units Opportunity cost of creation of material for Portugal= 9/8 wine units Since the open door cost of fabric is lower for England, henceforth England ought to have practical experience in the creation of material just, while Portugal should deliver just wine. As such, both the nations would wind up picking up from universal exchange (Dombusch, Fischer and Startz, 2013). End Based on the above conversation, it might be inferred that while total favorable position depends on lower creation costs, the near bit of leeway depends on lower opportunity costs. The ideal model is the relative preferred position one since it brings about common addition for both the nations associated with exchange. References Dombusch, R., Fischer, S. what's more, Startz, R. (2012), Macroeconomics, New York: McGraw Hill Publications Senior, R. W., Lawrence, B., Ferguson, A., Naimi, T. S., Brewer, R. D., Chattopadhyay, S. K., Toomey, T. L., Fielding, J. E. (2010), The adequacy of duty strategy mediations for decreasing over the top liquor utilization and related damages, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 38, 217-229. Fullerton, D., Metcalf, G. E. (2002), Tax frequency, In A. J. Auerbach F. Feldstein (Eds.), Handbook of open financial matters (pp. 1787-1872), Amsterdam: Elsevier. Koutsoyiannis, A. (2013), Modern Macroeconomics, London: Palgrave McMillan Krugman, P. what's more, Wells, G. (2013), Microeconomics, London: Worth Publishers Mankiw, G. (2014), Microeconomics, London: Worth Publishers Rabinovich, L., Brutscher, P. B., de Vries, H., Tiessen, J., Clift, J., Reding, A. (2009), The moderateness of mixed drinks in the European Union, Cambridge: RAND Europe Technical Report.

Replication in Psychology Research

Replication in Psychology Research Student Resources Study Guides and Tips Print Replication in Psychology Research By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on September 16, 2019 Thomas Barwick / Stone / Getty Images More in Student Resources Study Guides and Tips APA Style and Writing Careers Replication is a term referring to the repetition of a research study, generally with different situations and different subjects, to determine if the basic findings of the original study can be applied to other participants and circumstances. Once a study has been conducted, researchers might be interested in determining if the results hold true in other settings or for other populations. In other cases, scientists may want to replicate the experiment to further demonstrate the results. For example, imagine that health psychologists perform an experiment showing that hypnosis can be effective in helping middle-aged smokers kick their nicotine habit. Other researchers might want to replicate the same study with younger smokers to see if they reach the same result. Why Is Replication so Important in Psychology? When studies are replicated and achieve the same or similar results as the original study, it gives greater validity to the findings. If a researcher can replicate a study’s results, it means that it is more likely that those results can be generalized to the larger population. How Do Scientists Replicate an Experiment? When conducting a study or experiment, it is essential to have clearly defined operational definitions. In other words, what is the study attempting to measure? When replicating earlier researchers, experimenters will follow the same procedures but with a different group of participants. If the researcher obtains the same or similar results in follow-up experiments, it means that the original results are less likely to be a fluke. What If Replication Fails? So what happens if the original results cannot be reproduced? Does that mean that the experimenters conducted bad research or that, even worse, they lied or fabricated their data? In most cases, non-replicated research is caused by differences in the participants or in other extraneous variables that might influence the results of an experiment. Sometimes the differences might not be immediately clear and in other researchers might be able to discern which variables might have impacted the results. For example, minor differences in things like the way questions are presented, the weather or even the time of day the study is conducted might have an unexpected impact on the results of an experiment. Researchers might strive to perfectly reproduce the original study, but variations are expected and often impossible to avoid. Are the Results of Psychology Experiments Hard to Replicate? In 2015, a group of more than 250 researchers published the results of their five-year effort to replicate 100 different experimental studies previously published in three top psychology journals. The replicators worked closely with the original researchers of each study in order to replicate the experiments as closely as possible. The results were less than stellar. Of the 100 experiments in question, 64 percent could not replicate the original results. Of the original studies, 97 percent of the findings were deemed statistically significant. Only 36 percent of the replicated studies were able to obtain statistically significant results. As one might expect, these dismal findings caused quite a stir. So why are psychology results so difficult to replicate? Writing for The Guardian, John Ioannidis suggested that there are a number of reasons why this might happen, including competition for research funds and the powerful pressure to obtain significant results. There is little incentive to retest, so many results obtained purely by chance are simply accepted without further research or scrutiny. The project authors suggest that there are three key reasons why the original findings could not be replicated.The original results were a false positive.The replicated results were a false negative.Both studies were correct but differed due to unknown differences in experimental conditions or methodologies. How Replication Can Be Strengthened The Nobel-prize winning psychologist Daniel Kahneman has suggested that because published studies are often too vague in describing methods used, replications should involve the authors of the original studies in order to more carefully mirror the methods and procedures used in the original research. In fact, one investigation has found that when original researchers are involved, replication rates are much higher. While some might be tempted to look at the results of such replication projects and assume that psychology is rubbish, many suggest that such findings actually help make psychology a stronger science. Human thought and behavior is a remarkably subtle and ever-changing subject to study, so variations are to be expected when observing diverse populations and participants. Some research findings might be wrong, but digging deeper, pointing out the flaws, and designing better experiments helps strengthen the field.

Set Your Way to Academic Success via Online Example Essay

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Hearsay, Deception and Technical Essay Samples

Hearsay, Deception and Technical Essay Samples Get the Scoop on Technical Essay Samples Before You're Too Late The manual is full of easy functions on how best to calculate and prevent financial risks as soon as the current market is down. In light of the aforementioned realities, it's especially crucial that you compose reports in a fashion acceptable to a journal in your area. If you wish to find high high quality research and thesis papers in time and for a sensible price, you should probably try out using EssaySupply.com. You are able to browse through a wide variety of technical report templates and decide on the ones which are most beneficial for your concern. The True Meaning of Technical Essay Samples You may however locate a personalized paper writing company online that has a good search. There are various essay writing service providers on the web. For instance, you are at one custom technical writing service at the moment. The increasing number of essay writing services is wholly overwhelming. Technical Essay Samples - the Story Drafting your writing is essential thing. A decent technical writer is difficult to discover and it requires extensive search in addition to testing of the writers to find the very best. When it is translating a Polish report to translating an English small business report to Polish, we've got translators who can personally help with nearly every sort of a research undertaking. As a way to guarantee your technical report is informative you'll have to do a fantastic deal of planning before you start work. The Advantages of Technical Essay Samples Expository essay employs formal language to go over someone or something. Quotations shouldn't be utilised as a stand-in for your own words. A paragraph is a group of sentences associated with aspects of the very same point. It's always essential to have a very concrete title consisting only of words that contribute straight to the report subject. One must make sure the suggestions and arguments in the essay must flow from 1 paragraph to the next and appropriate use of academic language has to be observed too. The principal idea of all of the criticism is to supply an opinion both of positive or negative implication. All the sources utilised in the invention of the technical report has to be properly cited. When you're prepared to compose the report, your very first section is going to be the introduction while the previous section is the conclusion. Most reports need an abstracta condensed overview of the report's contents. In the end, you have to ascertain the length of time your technical reports must be. The technical essay is designed to explore a technical or scientific subject, to describe how to carry ou t a specific technical endeavor, or to argue for a specific process of doing something. 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Thus, to combine technical writing with essay writing can be challenging for many learnersand it's something which many learners have to practice to be able to perfect. The more interesting the subject, the more opportunities you need to impress you professor.

The Host Chapter 46 Encircled Free Essays

Jamie started to sit up. â€Å"Easy there, kid. How you feelin’?† Ian moved to press Jamie’s shoulders against the mattress. We will write a custom essay sample on The Host Chapter 46: Encircled or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"I feel†¦ really good. Why is everyone here? I don’t remember†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"You’ve been sick. Hold still so we can finish fixing you.† â€Å"Can I have some water?† â€Å"Sure, kid. Here you go.† Doc was staring at Jamie with disbelieving eyes. I could barely talk, my throat was so tight with joy. â€Å"It’s the No Pain,† I muttered. â€Å"It feels wonderful.† â€Å"Why does Jared have Sharon in a headlock?† Jamie whispered to Ian. â€Å"She’s in a bad mood,† Ian stage-whispered back. â€Å"Hold very still, Jamie,† Doc cautioned. â€Å"We’re going to†¦ clean out your injury. Okay?† â€Å"Okay,† Jamie agreed in a small voice. He’d noticed the scalpel in Doc’s hands. He eyed it warily. â€Å"Tell me if you can feel this,† Doc said. â€Å"If it hurts,† I amended. With practiced skill, Doc slid the scalpel gently through the diseased skin in one swift movement. We both glanced at Jamie. He was staring straight up at the dark ceiling. â€Å"That feels weird,† Jamie said. â€Å"But it doesn’t hurt.† Doc nodded to himself and brought the scalpel down again, making a cross cut. Red blood and dark yellow discharge oozed from the gash. As soon as Doc’s hand was clear, I was spraying Clean back and forth across the bloody X. When it hit the oozing secretion, the unhealthy yellow seemed to sizzle silently. It began to recede. Almost like suds hit by a spray of water. It melted. Doc was breathing fast beside me. â€Å"Look at that.† I sprayed the area twice for good measure. Already the darker red was gone from Jamie’s skin. All that was left was the normal red color of the human blood that flowed out. â€Å"Okay, Heal,† I muttered. I found the right canister and tipped the little spout over the gashes in his skin. The clear liquid trickled in, coating the raw flesh and glistening there. The bleeding stopped wherever the Heal spread. I poured half the container-surely twice as much as was needed-into the wound. â€Å"Okay, hold the edges together for me, Doc.† Doc was speechless as this point, though his mouth hung wide. He did as I asked, using two hands to get both cuts. Jamie laughed. â€Å"That tickles.† Doc’s eyes bulged. I smeared Seal across the X, watching with deep satisfaction as the edges fused together and faded to pink. â€Å"Can I see?† Jamie asked. â€Å"Let him up, Ian. We’re almost done.† Jamie pulled himself up on his elbows, his eyes bright and curious. His sweaty, dirty hair was matted to his head. It didn’t make sense now, next to the healthy glow of his skin. â€Å"See, I put this on,† I said, brushing a handful of glitter across the cuts, â€Å"and it makes the scar very faint. Like this.† I showed him the one on my arm. Jamie laughed. â€Å"But don’t scars impress girls? Where did you get this stuff, Wanda? It’s like magic.† â€Å"Jared took me on a raid.† â€Å"Seriously? That’s awesome.† Doc touched the glistening powder residue on my hand, then held his fingers to his nose. â€Å"You should have seen her,† Jared said. â€Å"She was incredible.† I was surprised to hear his voice close behind me. I looked around for Sharon automatically and just caught sight of the flame of her hair leaving the room. Maggie was right behind her. How sad. How frightening. To be filled with so much hate that you could not even rejoice in the healing of a child†¦ How did anyone ever come to that point? â€Å"She walked right into a hospital, right up to the alien there, and asked them to treat her injuries, bold as anything. Then, when they turned their backs, she robbed them blind!† Jared made it sound exciting. Jamie was enjoying it, too; his smile was huge. â€Å"Walked right out of there with medicine enough to last us all for a long time. She even waved at the bugger behind the counter as she drove away.† Jared laughed. I couldn’t do this for them, Melanie said, suddenly chagrined. You’re of more value to them than I would be. Hush, I said. It was not a time for sadness or jealousy. Only joy. I wouldn’t be here to help them without you. You saved him, too. Jamie was staring at me with big eyes. â€Å"It wasn’t that exciting, really,† I told him. He took my hand, and I squeezed his, my heart swollen with gratitude and love. â€Å"It was very easy. I’m a bugger, too, after all.† â€Å"I didn’t mean -† Jared started to apologize. I waved his protest away, smiling. â€Å"How did you explain the scar on your face?† Doc asked. â€Å"Didn’t they wonder why you hadn’t -â€Å" â€Å"I had to have fresh injuries, of course. I was careful to leave them nothing to be suspicious about. I told them I’d fallen with a knife in my hand.† I nudged Jamie with my elbow. â€Å"It could happen to anyone.† I was really flying high now. Everything seemed to glow from inside-the fabrics, the faces, the very walls. The crowd inside and outside the room had begun to murmur and question, but that noise was just a ringing in my ears-like the lingering sound after a bell is struck. A shimmer in the air. Nothing seemed real but the little circle of people I loved. Jamie and Jared and Ian and Jeb. Even Doc belonged in this perfect moment. â€Å"Fresh injuries?† Ian asked in a flat voice. I stared at him, surprised at the anger in his eyes. â€Å"It was necessary. I had to hide my scar. And learn how to heal Jamie.† Jared picked up my left wrist and stroked his finger over the faint pink line a few inches above it. â€Å"It was horrible,† he said, all the humor suddenly gone from his sober voice. â€Å"She about hacked her hand off. I thought she’d never use it again.† Jamie’s eyes widened in horror. â€Å"You cut yourself?† I squeezed his hand again. â€Å"Don’t be anxious-it wasn’t that bad. I knew it would be healed quickly.† â€Å"You should have seen her,† Jared repeated in a low voice, still stroking my arm. Ian’s fingers brushed across my cheek. It felt nice, and I leaned into his hand when he left it there. I wondered if it was the No Pain or just the joy of saving Jamie that made everything warm and glowing. â€Å"No more raids for you,† Ian murmured. â€Å"Of course she’ll go out again,† Jared said, his voice louder with surprise. â€Å"Ian, she was absolutely phenomenal. You’d have to see to really understand. I’m only just beginning to guess at all the possibilities-â€Å" â€Å"Possibilities?† Ian’s hand slid down my neck to my shoulder. He pulled me closer to his side, away from Jared. â€Å"At what cost to her? You let her almost hack her own hand off?† His fingers flexed around the top of my arm with his inflections. The anger didn’t belong with the glow. â€Å"No, Ian, it wasn’t like that,† I said. â€Å"It was my idea. I had to.† â€Å"Of course it was your idea,† Ian growled. â€Å"You’d do anything†¦ You have no limits when it comes to these two. But Jared shouldn’t have let you -â€Å" â€Å"What other way was there, Ian?† Jared argued. â€Å"Did you have a better plan? Do you think she’d be happier if she was unhurt but Jamie was gone?† I flinched at the hideous thought. Ian’s voice was less hostile when he answered. â€Å"No. But I don’t understand how you could sit there and watch her do that to herself.† Ian shook his head in disgust, and Jared’s shoulders hunched in response. â€Å"What kind of a man -â€Å" â€Å"A practical one,† Jeb interrupted. We all looked up. Jeb stood over us, a bulky cardboard box in his arms. â€Å"It’s why Jared’s the best at getting what we need. Because he can do what has to be done. Or watch what has to be done. Even when watching’s harder than doing. â€Å"Now, I know it’s closer to breakfast than supper, but I figured some of you haven’t eaten in a while,† Jeb went on, changing the subject without subtlety. â€Å"Hungry, kid?† â€Å"Uh†¦ I’m not sure,† Jamie admitted. â€Å"I feel real hollow, but it doesn’t feel†¦ bad.† â€Å"That’s the No Pain,† I said. â€Å"You should eat.† â€Å"And drink,† Doc said. â€Å"You need liquids.† Jeb let the unwieldy box fall onto the mattress. â€Å"Thought we might have a bit of a celebration. Dig in.† â€Å"Wow, yum!† Jamie said, pawing through the box of dehydrated meals of the sort that hikers used. â€Å"Spaghetti. Excellent.† â€Å"Dibs on the garlic chicken,† Jeb said. â€Å"I’ve been missin’ garlic quite a bit-though I imagine no one misses it on my breath.† He chuckled. Jeb was prepared, with bottles of water and several portable stoves. People began to gather around, squeezing together in the small space. I was wedged between Jared and Ian, and I’d pulled Jamie onto my lap. Though he was much too old for this, he didn’t protest. He must have sensed how much both of us needed that-Mel and I had to feel him alive and healthy and in our arms. The shimmering circle seemed to widen, enveloping the entire late-night supper party, making them family, too. Everyone waited contentedly for Jeb to prepare the unexpected treats, in no hurry. Fear had been replaced by relief and happy news. Even Kyle, compressed into the small space on the other side of his brother, was not unwelcome in the circle. Melanie sighed in contentment. She was vibrantly aware of the warmth of the boy in my lap and the touch of the man who still stroked his hand against my arm. She wasn’t even upset by Ian’s arm around my shoulders. You’re feeling the No Pain, too, I teased her. I don’t think it’s the No Pain. Not for either of us. No, you’re right. This is more than I’ve ever had. This is so much of what I lost. What was it that made this human love so much more desirable to me than the love of my own kind? Was it because it was exclusive and capricious? The souls offered love and acceptance to all. Did I crave a greater challenge? This love was tricky; it had no hard-and-fast rules-it might be given for free, as with Jamie, or earned through time and hard work, as with Ian, or completely and heartbreakingly unattainable, as with Jared. Or was it simply better somehow? Because these humans could hate with so much fury, was the other end of the spectrum that they could love with more heart and zeal and fire? I didn’t know why I had yearned after it so desperately. All I knew was that, now that I had it, it was worth every ounce of risk and agony it had cost. It was better than I’d imagined. It was everything. By the time the food was prepared and consumed, the late-or rather early-hour had gotten to us all. People stumbled out of the crowded room toward their beds. As they left, there was more space. Those remaining slouched down where we were as room became available. Gradually, we melted in place until we were horizontal. My head ended up pillowed on Jared’s stomach; his hand stroked my hair now and then. Jamie’s face was against my chest, and his arms were around my neck. One of my arms wrapped around his shoulders. Ian’s head was cushioned on my stomach, and he held my other hand to his face. I could feel Doc’s long leg stretched beside mine, his shoe by my hip. Doc was asleep-I could hear him snoring. I may have even been touching Kyle somewhere. Jeb was sprawled on the bed. He belched, and Kyle chuckled. â€Å"Nicer night than I was plannin’ for. I like it when pessimism goes unrewarded,† Jeb mused. â€Å"Thanks, Wanda.† â€Å"Mmm,† I sighed, half asleep. â€Å"Next time she raids†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Kyle said, somewhere on the other side of Jared’s body. A big yawn interrupted his sentence. â€Å"Next time she raids, I’m coming, too.† â€Å"She’s not going out again,† Ian answered, his body tensing. I brushed my hand against his face, trying to soothe him. â€Å"Of course not,† I murmured to him. â€Å"I don’t have to go anywhere unless I’m needed. I don’t mind staying in here.† â€Å"I’m not talking about keeping you prisoner, Wanda,† Ian explained, irritated. â€Å"You can go anywhere you want as far as I’m concerned. Jogging on the highway, if you’d like that. But not a raid. I’m talking about keeping you safe.† â€Å"We need her,† Jared said, his voice harder than I wanted to hear it. â€Å"We got by fine without her before.† â€Å"Fine? Jamie would have died without her. She can get things for us that no one else can.† â€Å"She’s a person, Jared, not a tool.† â€Å"I know that. I didn’t say that -â€Å" â€Å"‘S up to Wanda, I’d say.† Jeb interrupted the argument just as I was about to. My hand was holding Ian down now, and I could feel Jared’s body shifting under my head as he prepared to get up. Jeb’s words froze them in place. â€Å"You can’t leave it up to her, Jeb,† Ian protested. â€Å"Why not? Seems like she’s got her own mind. ‘S it your job to make decisions for her?† â€Å"I’ll tell you why not,† Ian grumbled. â€Å"Wanda?† â€Å"Yes, Ian?† â€Å"Do you want to go out on raids?† â€Å"If I can help, of course I should go.† â€Å"That’s not what I asked, Wanda.† I was quiet for a moment, trying to remember his question to see how I’d gotten it wrong. â€Å"See, Jeb? She never takes into account her own wants-her own happiness, her own health, even. She’d do anything we asked her to, even if it got her killed. It’s not fair to ask her things the way we’d ask each other. We stop to think about ourselves. She doesn’t.† It was quiet. No one answered Ian. The silence dragged on until I felt compelled to speak for myself. â€Å"That’s not true,† I said. â€Å"I think about myself all the time. And I†¦ I want to help. Doesn’t that count? It made me so happy to help Jamie tonight. Can’t I find happiness the way I want to?† Ian sighed. â€Å"See what I mean?† â€Å"Well, I can’t tell her she can’t go if she wants to,† Jeb said. â€Å"She’s not a prisoner anymore.† â€Å"But we don’t have to ask.† Jared was very quiet through all this. Jamie was quiet, too, but I was pretty sure he was asleep. I knew Jared wasn’t; his hand was tracing random patterns on the side of my face. Glowing, burning patterns. â€Å"You don’t need to ask,† I said. â€Å"I volunteer. It really wasn’t†¦ frightening. Not at all. The other souls are very kind. I’m not afraid of them. It was almost too easy.† â€Å"Easy? Cutting your -â€Å" I interrupted Ian quickly. â€Å"That was an emergency. I won’t have to do that again.† I paused for a second. â€Å"Right?† I checked. Ian groaned. â€Å"If she goes, I’m going, too,† he said in a bleak tone. â€Å"Someone has to protect her from herself.† â€Å"And I’ll be there to protect the rest of us from her,† Kyle said with a chuckle. Then he grunted and said, â€Å"Ow.† I was too tired to lift my head to see who had hit Kyle now. â€Å"And I’ll be there to bring you all back alive,† Jared murmured. How to cite The Host Chapter 46: Encircled, Essay examples

World Trade Center The Film an Example of the Topic Film Essays by

World Trade Center: The Film The event that shook the world on 9/11 was all about terrorism. However, Oliver Stones World Trade Center has nothing whatsoever to do with the evil that the global public has been hearing about in all contexts since that fateful day. Instead, the movie is about life and the importance of it. While life is perfectly suitable for reflection, September 11, 2001 was a day of death of the huge number of people that lost their lives, in addition to a way of life that the world enjoyed. Thus, Oliver Stones film about the 9/11 disaster is a sure disappointment for movie goers seeing that it does not deliver what the public expected it to. The film is entertaining, but when it comes to an event of such historic magnitude as September 11, who asked for entertainment? asks Koeff, writing for The Washington Times (A16). Need essay sample on "World Trade Center: The Film" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Documentaries have performed a finer task of helping the world understand how tragic, horrific, and destructive a blow 9/11 was to the American people. Besides, United 93 was certainly more appropriately made than World Trade Center. Koeff has also written that Oliver Stone had the opportunity this time to create a gift for history books! Even so, the director ended up giving the audience more of the same old dramatic Hollywood dazzle (Koeff). University Students Usually Tell EssayLab support:I'm not in the mood to write my essay online. I don't have the timeEssay writers recommend:We Write All Kinds Of PapersEssay Writing Company Pay Someone To Write An Essay For You Custom Essay Reviews Buy Essays Cheap World Trade Center, the film, is actually a story about love, bravery, and family the fundamental elements of human living. The story focuses on two main characters who are Port Authority cops and among the last of the twenty survivors pulled out from the rubble of the World Trade Center on 9/11. However, the real story of 9/11 concerns those thousands of people who were killed in the disaster, and many more thousands who got out alive. It is also about the price that has been paid by the people of the United States and around the globe since that fatal day. By concentrating on two main characters who survived the disaster, the tragedy is most definitely understated. Travers writes for Rolling Stone that Oliver Stone made a cautious, earnestly factual and emotionally unassailable film. The directors attempt is certainly cautious and earnestly factual (Travers). Making fiction out of the 9/11 tragedy definitely would not have pleased anybody. In spite of this, it would have been best for Oliver Stone to gather real accounts of many more survivors for filming. Including a large number of survivors would have made the movie extremely action packed like The Day After Tomorrow. All the same, that is exactly what the American public seemed to have expected from a movie about the World Trade Center disaster on 9/11. As far as the emotions that the film incites are concerned, nobody would deny that the 9/11 tragedy continues to stir up emotions world over in any case. Reminders of the tragedy are almost always followed up by emotions of shock and grief. Both United 93 and World Trade Center bring tears to the eyes. Hence, Oliver Stone cannot be given credit because his film stirs up strong emotions in most if not all of its viewers. The film is about survival and selflessness, yet we cannot forget the thousands of people who did not survive the tragedy and whom no selfless human managed to help out. Even as America moves forward after the tragedy keeping in mind survival and selflessness as two of the most treasured universal values it also cannot forget that the evil known as terrorism, which has been completed ignored by the film, has caused unmentionable misery. Ansen, who attended the New York premiere of the film, wrote the first review of the film which was published in The Mirror. According to the author: World Trade Center has no interest in terrorism. Its explicitly about heroism. It may strike some, at first glance, as a surprisingly conventional film from this controversial filmmaker (Ansen 16). Ansen also quotes Oliver Stone: The beauty of the script was that it had hope, says Stone (Ansen 16). Yet, it was the kind of hope that cannot erase the sadness of the day that remains in almost everybodys emotional life. What is more, nobody remembers the tragedy in the context of two police officers trapped in the collapsed building. After all, police officers die every day because their work is dangerous. Oliver Stone could have made a film about a fire, too, in which two police officers were about to lose their lives. The hypothetical film would have had the same effect on the people as did World Trade Center. Given that the American public has heard enough about terrorism since 9/11, the film was really expected to capture some of the reality behind the event. But it may be that Oliver Stone deliberately left terrorism out of his picture knowing that the Americans may be tired of learning about this evil. In actuality, the film turned out to be only about partial hope, given that so many people died in the tragedy, never to find hope again in the life of this world. Koeff points out that the American public may not be ready to watch an entire film about everything we have so far learned about the tragedy on 9/11. According to the author, World Trade Center is a half-hearted attempt to film the tragedy. It can be inferred from this message that perhaps Oliver Stone had not the courage to portray 9/11 in greater depth. Koeff writes: Hollywood has the power to take us into the September 11 nightmare. Imagine seeing an aircraft burst through an expansive office suite at 500 miles an hour. Imagine following a woman as she falls hundreds of floors, her prayers barely audible over the rush of wind. I personally don't think America is ready to experience this drama. I feel uneasy even creating the description. It is but natural for World Trade Center, the film, to be rife with religion. There are characters in the film that turn to their faith for comfort. One of the characters has a vision of Jesus. Still, as Toto reports for The Washington Times, Oliver Stone has overplayed the religious part, making a truly haunting and private moment one of dramatic overplay (B05). As a matter of fact, the dramatic portrayal of the vision may be considered comical in the context of the fateful day. The moment should have been kept hidden, and perhaps only explained by the character in great detail. Of a certainty, World Trade Center, the movie, has failed to deliver. One may expect Hollywood to come up with more films covering the event. Considering the seriousness of the day also in the light of the series of fateful events that have followed it, viewers may prefer to watch excellent documentaries rather than Hollywood drama about 9/11. Works Cited Ansen, David. Heroism, Not Terrorism; as the Fifth Anniversary 9/11 Looms One of the World' Controversial Film Directors Releases His Take on the Tragedy. Here's the First Review. WORLD TRADE CENTER. The Mirror (August 7, 2006). Koeff, Bryan Jay. 'World Trade Center' Disappoints. The Washington Times (August 16, 2006). Toto, Christian. Sentiment but No Vision; Stone's 'World Trade Center' Earnest about September 11. The Washington Times (August 9, 2006). Travers, Peter. World Trade Center. Rolling Stone (August 3, 2006). The Day after Tomorrow. Dir. Roland Emmerich. 2004. World Trade Center. Dir. Oliver Stone. 2006. United 93. Dir. Paul Greengrass. 2006.

Forgo vs. Forego

Forgo vs. Forego Forgo vs. Forego Forgo vs. Forego By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between forgo and forego? It’s a foregone conclusion that there’ll be some confusion, but I’ll forgo further digression to get to the discussion. To forgo is to do without, or relinquish: â€Å"He will forgo the pleasure of her company†; â€Å"I’ll forgo the formality of requiring a co-signer.† The present participle is forgoing (â€Å"She is forgoing the procedure†), the past-tense form can be forwent (â€Å"She forwent the procedure†) or forgone (â€Å"She had forgone the procedure†), and one who forgoes is a forgoer. Only the basic verb form, however, is common. To forego, by contrast, is to go before, to precede. Forego is much less common in usage than forgo, and it generally has a figurative sense, often used in such statements as â€Å"Her reputation will forego her† or â€Å"Her reputation foregoes her,† meaning that others will have heard about the subject before they meet her. However, although the past-tense form forewent is rare, the form foregone, and the present participle foregoing are more common than the root word. A phrase I used in the first paragraph, â€Å"foregone conclusion,† is applied frequently to indicate that something is implicitly understood to be true; foregoing refers to something that has previously been encountered, as a passage in a document: â€Å"The foregoing statement should not be construed as an endorsement.† To maintain the distinction between the words forgo and forego in your mind, remember these basics: Use forgo or forgoing in the sense of â€Å"doing without†; past-tense usage is rare. And though use of forego is unlikely, foregone and foregoing are common terms for reference to something already done. Or, most simply, think of -fore in before to remind yourself that forego and its variants refer to sequence and that forgo resembles forget, which is often the reason something is left undone. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How Many Tenses in English?10 Types of TransitionsMay Have vs. Might Have

Two-Way Prepositions Part 3

Two-Way Prepositions Part 3 Believe it or not, two German accusative/dative prepositions make yet another distinction that English does not! The common prepositions  an  and  auf  can both mean on or at but they differ in how they are applied to surfaces. If an object is on or near a vertical surface (a wall, a chalkboard, etc.), then usually the prepositionan  is used. If a horizontal surface (a tabletop, a floor, etc.) is involved, then  auf  is used to express on or at. Look at the illustrations below... Horizontal and Vertical ON or ATAN  (vertical) and  AUF  (horizontal) AN  Ã‚  VERTICAL -  SENKRECHT  Ã‚  die Wand   the wall​​ An  object  approachinga vertical surface.The accus. phrase an die Wandanswers the question  wohin? An  object  on or atthe wall.  (vertical surface)The dative phrase an der Wandanswers the question  wo?    AUF  Ã‚  HORIZONTAL -  WAAGERECHT  Ã‚  der Tisch   the table​ An  object  approachinga horizontal surface.The accus. phrase auf den Tischanswers the question  wohin? An  object  onthe table.  (horizontal surface)The dative phrase auf dem Tischanswers the question  wo? Now, if youve been paying attention, can you say what the dative prepositional phrase  an dem Tisch  or  am Tisch  means? Unlike  auf dem Tisch,  an dem Tisch  means at or next to the table. If you are sitting at the table, you are  am Tisch. If you are sitting on top of the table, you are  auf dem Tisch! German is being very consistent here. If you are talking about your location in relation to the vertical part of the table (the legs, etc.), then you use  an. If youre talking about your location in relation to the horizontal top of the table, then you use  auf. This logic also applies to expressions like  an der Donau  (on the Danube). The use of  an  refers to being on the edge of the river. If were actually on the Danube (in a boat), then were  auf der Donau. More Examples  (A accus., D dative)Here are some examples of the uses of  an  and  auf: wo?  an der Ecke  D - on/at the cornerwohin?  an die Ecke  A - to the cornerwo?  an der Grenze  D - on/at the borderwohin?  an die Grenze  A - to the borderwo?  am Rhein  D - on the Rhinewohin?  an den Rhein  A - to the Rhinewo?  auf dem Dach  D - on the roofwohin?  auf das Dach  A - onto the roof Idiomatic ExpressionsBesides their normal uses,  an  and  auf  are also used in many idiomatic expressions and verbal phrases. Here are some examples: auf der Bank  - at the bankjemandem auf der Tasche liegen  - to live off of someoneauf der Straße liegen  A - to be down and outjemanden an der Nase herumfà ¼hren  - to lead someone around by the nose, take them for a foolworan liegt das?  - whats the reason for that? Most of the other two-way prepositions are used in idiomatic expressions as well. Related Links The Four German CasesA guide to the four German cases: Accusative, Dative, Genitive and Nominative. Includes cases and the  two-way  prepositions. A guide to the many ways to say by in German. Prepositional PitfallsPotential problems and how to avoid them.

Interpretation of the picture Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Interpretation of the picture - Assignment Example If viewed from another perspective, the green background can represent the humanity during the era of least civilization. However, as the picture extends further, there is a bright light in form of an ocean that opens up into a bright background. Therefore, this bright background can be compared to how civilization has changed the world into a better place. In this regard, the picture teaches humanity the importance of civilization because the character holding the arrow and the bow are wearing a dark-brown outfit that can be linked to the clothing of humanity before civilization. As such, the picture teaches a man to appreciate civilization because it has made life bright like the bright watery background. On the other hand, the picture shows the tremendous developments that man has gone through since the onset of civilization because the two backgrounds compare the bleak and dull lived in the olden days to the modern bright and exciting life that is also enjoyable and fun. The assu mption on the differences in life existing in the dark-green and the bright backgrounds is also indicated by the facial expression of the character. Although he may give an impression of a relaxed hunter, his overall expression is that of a dull person with no other things cheer him up except for the hunting. Therefore, from the picture, mankind can learn to appreciate civilization that has brought liveliness, brightness as opposed to the dark days when a man only co-existed with the wild animals and only found fun hunting in the bush.

The Factors contributing to Wounded Knee Massacre Essay

The Factors contributing to Wounded Knee Massacre - Essay Example At another point the author maligns politicians by saying that "it was no secret that politicians stuffed the Indian agencies with political appointees who were, more often than not, corrupt and indifferent to the needs of their charges. Eventually, the abused Indians broke out and started killing local settlers, at which point the military men were called in to risk their lives to restore order" (205, 206). Here again, the role of Indians in killing local settlers is depicted as a reaction to a set of conditions developed by politicians. In my opinion, such texts are purposely created under the influence of powerful forces to achieve hidden aims. Hidden aims may include the idea of taking benefit from a given situation to promote a new concept that is previously non-existent. It appears that there is a hidden agenda behind blaming party politics. In this case, the reason for this appears to be that the author wants the readers to stay focused only on one cause of the issue. By doing this, the other factors that contributed to the massacre, have been allowed to escape the vision of the readers. Not only this, but the author also manages to create a feeling of hopelessness and fear among the readers, which is likely to keep the readers away from party politics.

why workers with dangerous jobs are paid

why workers with dangerous jobs are paid (a) Explain why workers with dangerous jobs are paid more than workers with less dangerous jobs The competition in the job market had shown an upward turn when we talk about the opportunities for the job seekers. There are diversified fields for the job seekers who go for the job according to their qualification and experience. But another factor is also very vital when a person seeks a job; his / her own choice regarding environment and the workplace safety is equally important. Some people like to work in office due to the peaceful, neat and clean environment but the same paradise may be hell for others just because they cannot handle the mental stress attached with the office jobs e.g. Accounting, Finance etc. On the other hand some people enjoy the jobs in the field of marketing which would not be accepted by those who like to work in isolation. But there are some jobs which are considered dangerous due to the nature of workplace. Although none of the workers may like to go for the dangerous site but the additional compensation finds attraction of some workers who opt for t he dangerous work. So, keeping in view all these factors the compensation package of the employee can be assessed. Normally the jobs which require higher qualified persons are highly paid than the jobs with lower qualified persons. It is considered that the differential amount paid to the higher educated person in compensation of the additional payment made by the person to get the education. The workplace area and the safety at workplace get a quick attention of the employees to demand extra wages. Smith used the words ‘hardship, ‘disagreeable and ‘dirtiness for the work of colliers in Newcastle to explain why they earned two or three times more than common laborers in Scotland (1976). The table below shows the mortality rate of ten highly dangerous vocations. The statistics have been collected by the Bureau of Labour Statistics. These statistics have been published on CNN referring to an 18 year old logger who was killed on December 3, 2002. It clearly depicts that the risk factor involved in these jobs classifies them in the category of additional compensatory jobs. *Selected occupations had a minimum of 30 fatalities in 2002 and 45,000 employed. According to the table it is clear that the Timber Cutters are facing the most risk and the rate of mortality has been the highest for them. People involved in fisheries are at second in the table with fatality rate of 71.1. Pilots and navigators are at third with the mortality rate of 69.8. According to the table all these people are concerned with working outdoor except the structural metal work which is also carried on outdoor mostly. People involved driving, sailing, or flying the vehicles are all in the list which shows that all the jobs The table above has been plotted as a chart below: The graph above shows clearly that normally there are outdoor jobs which are considered the most dangerous jobs. Therefore people in these jobs need the security and compensation as an attraction to continue doing the job. Employers, therefore offer special allowances and compensations along with medical facility, insurance, housing etc. Not only the risk involved in the jobs but makes it paid higher but there are some other factors as well but keeping our discussion limited to the topic those are ignored here. Some salient factors have been given below which shows why the workers with dangerous jobs are paid more. There is a direct threat to a workers health and life. If a worker gets hurt due to the nature of job, he may loose any part of body and sometimes even the life. Although there are certain health safety policies adopted by the employers for their workers but the worker s are also required to take precautionary measures for the sake of his / her safety. A direct threat to his / her life means a direct threat to his / her dependents as well. Therefore an additional compensation is very much necessary for his / her and his / her family. Different jobs have different health hazards and by implication different life expectancies. Workers in dangerous jobs are assumed to get a higher wage to compensate for the lower life expectancy and by measuring the size of that premium you can get a rough measure of the value of an extra year. It turns out that this calculation gives a strong effect: the benchmark calculation assumes that a ten percent increase in life expectancy will generate a 0.24 percentage points increase in adjusted GDP growth. Although there may not be any physical threat to the worker due to the employers safety policy but still some of them get their nerves trapped by the dangerous workplace environment. In other words the worker needs compensation for the stress and anxiety he has to face due to the workplace. For example army at high peaks is allowed extra allowance for the isolation at glaciers. The dangerous jobs also need a high level of hard work and physical efforts which is normally more than the efforts required in normal physical labour. Therefore an extra physical effort of the workers must be compensated by the employer. The dangerous jobs being offered outdoor normally require the workers leave their homes and get a home sickness allowance against it. So the workers normally get the risk allowance plus the additional home sickness allowance at the cost of leaving their spouse and kids home. Concluding the discussion above, it is evident that the dangerous jobs are facing high risk increasing the life uncertainty of the workers. They need life insurance for their life for their families and dependents. REFERENCES Online Dictionary http://www.merriam-webster.com Solomon. W. Polachek W. Stanely Siebert, Economics of Earnings. Cambridge University Press 1993 Americas most dangerous jobs The top ten most dangerous jobs in America. Les Christie, CNN/Money Contributing Write http://money.cnn.com/2003/10/13/pf/dangerousjobs/ The Human Development Index. A better way of measuring welfare? Notes on Nick Crafts, ‘The human development index and changes in standard of living: some historical comparisons. European Review of Economic History, Vol 1, 1997 http://www.econ.ku.dk/kgp/doc/Lectfrms/the%20human%20development%20index.pdf Wikipadeia, Internet http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compensating_wage_differential Bureau of Labour Statistics www.bls.gov

Title E-books or print books: which do you prefer?

The purpose of this paper Is to present the some basic aspects of e-book and print book. The methodology of this paper Is using the bibliography and the statistics attempts to give some specific analysis about e-book and print book as a whole. The study found a much higher use of e-book over print book, and the trend of personal preference is not only restricted to the group of students but the whole younger generation. The result of this paper offers the individuals a new idea to insider for eBooks purchase.Keywords User preference, Surveys, E-Books, Print books Paper In the contemporary society, it is generally believed that books play an indispensable role in the development of human society. Apart from the print books, there is another kind of books—electronic books, which poses a challenge to the position of paper quality books. However, there is no unanimous consensus on whether the print books should be substituted for the digital books yet. On the one hand, some people think the golden age of print books In gone, and we should pay ore attention to the modern technological products.On the another hand, the view that print books will not be supplanted by electronic books was held by some individuals. As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the latter's side. Some people have a tendency to choose the print books rather than the eBooks. Here are a few possible reasons for that. For one thing, the tangibility, which gave by the print books, cannot be showed in any aspects of eBooks. Therefore, people usually purchased print books instead of eBooks because they can get a tangible item for their memory y buying a paper printed book.For another thing, print books offer a sense of accomplishment to people. Specifically, consumers believe that they will feel more accomplished when the mass of the book moves from the right side to the left and they know they are almost done. Furthermore, print books afford the people opportunities to use them for other p urposes. In fact, It Is Impossible that one person could use a stack of eBooks to maintain his couch If the leg fell off. In all, some people lust choose the print books as their prefer because that Is what reading Is about to hem.Reading is something like going to a bookstore and browsing through hundreds, maybe thousands, of books to find the right one. Admittedly, the profitable problem is the crucial factor which the E-book producer should mainly concern about. A questionnaire survey was distributed among 27 students at a library and information science school in the USA to find out what users and potential users think about e-books in this transition period, when the US economy has experienced downtime, and the e-book world cannot see profitability In Its business as predicted.Among the 27 survey participants, a third of them has used e-books in the past, mostly reading computer-based e-books without special readers. â€Å"Available around the clock † and â€Å"searchab le † are both chosen and ranked as the most Important reasons. Those who have never used e-books mainly think that eBooks are â€Å"hard to read and browse † or â€Å"need special equipment However. About half of the non- would agree that e-book have its peculiar advantages as a whole. Firstly, one of the most significant aspects is portability. The reason for that is e-book has a smaller illume and less weight than the majority of the printed book.In fact, the worst thing of reading might be that you finishing a book and not having another book to carry on reading due to the lack of your bag's volume. Secondly, another advantage of e-book is a host of books can be made available for your electronic books without worrying about the number of your saved books. Thus, people can bring a digital device with hundreds or even thousands of books stored in your digital books. In conclusion, eBooks are available for purchase and reading at any time and any place with battery re mitting.These aspects of s-book indicate that the individuals tend to purchase e- books when the print and electronic version all are available for them. What's more, the Association of American Publishers reported that the annual growth rate for e- book sales fell abruptly during 2012, to about 34%. (2) That's still a healthy clip, but it is a sharp decline from the triple-digit growth rates of the preceding four years. Another survey conducted by Neurosurgeons. Org suggests that Of the respondents who took the survey, 25. 2 percent indicated that they would â€Å"very likely † arches an reader in the next six months; 36. Percent said that they â€Å"may † purchase an reader; while almost 40 percent indicated that they were â€Å"very unlikely. (3) Of the 7,880 titles that were available in print and e-book, 58 e-book titles were accessed and 2,799 print titles were circulated during the study period. In print and e-book format, 1,688 titles were used. In e-book form at, but not in print, 1,484 titles were used. In print, but not e-book format, 1,125 titles were used. In either format, 3,597 titles were unused. (4) The above three surveys show a trend of the increasing rate of e-book purchase. Personally, I consider the position of paper books is irreplaceable.Not only because it contains a vast number of historic values, but it represents the civilization evolution of human society. From the view of human civilization, print books play a pivotal role in human society. Books have been books have been the cornerstone of our society for centuries, especially after the invention of the printing press – perhaps the most important invention in human history. Len other words, the development of electronic books is advancing at a staggering tempo, ay turn out to be Just another format-an even lighter-weight, more disposable paperback.That would fit with the discovery that once people start buying digital books, they don't necessarily stop purcha sing printed ones. In fact, according to Pew, nearly 90% of e-book readers still read physical volumes. The two forms seem to serve different purposes. However, the transformation from print books to E-books is inevitably popular. Dominique Reach, Publisher and CEO of Successors, said that â€Å"the digital transformation is bringing with it an onslaught of content. In fact, more intent was published last year than ever before.Booker (the ISBN agency) reported that 2009 self-publishing or what they call the non-traditional book publishers drove total book production over 1,000,000 units for the first time-that's over a million books produced last year. Think about that as a reader, an author or a publisher. † (5) In sum, paper books have its unparalleled superiority and so eBooks does. No one knows what the future book market will be. Time will tell whether eBooks are a viable alternative. At the moment, the whole thing is still in its infancy, and a decent

Market Stock And Bond Analysis Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 13 Words: 3919 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Capital Market is the market that facilitate buying and selling of securities such as stocks / shares and bonds or debentures. It is a place where business enterprises and governments raise their long term funds. The two major functions of capital market are liquidity and pricing securities. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Market Stock And Bond Analysis Example For Free" essay for you Create order Capital Market consists of EQUITY MARKETS or STOCK MARKET, which provide financing through the issuance of shares, and enable the subsequent trading thereof and DEBT MARKETS or BOND MARKET, which provide financing through the issuance of bonds, and enable the subsequent trading thereof. The main difference between the two markets is the amount of risk and the return involved with stock and shares. Equity or stock market is governed by high risk and return, while debt market is a bit secured than the equity market. There are two types of capital market i.e. Primary market and Secondary market. Primary market: It is that market in which shares, debentures and other securities are sold for the first time for collecting long-term capital. This market is concerned with new issues. Therefore, the primary market is also called NEW ISSUE MARKET. In this market, the flow of funds is from savers to borrowers (industries), hence, it helps directly in the capital formation of the country. The money collected from this market is generally used by the companies to modernize the plant, machinery and buildings, for extending business, and for setting up new business unit. Secondary Market: The secondary market is that market in which the buying and selling of the previously issued securities is done. The transactions of the secondary market are generally done through the medium of stock exchange. The chief purpose of the secondary market is to create liquidity in securities. Analysis A primary market follows a particular trend, i.e. bull market and bear market. In bull market an investors buy in order to increase capital gains in the future whereas in a bear market an investors anticipate losses thus they are obliged to sell. When the Gross Domestic product and stock prices GDP Price fluctuation is an important tendency of an open market. Secondary market is affected by the change in primary market trend. Analysis and performance of Stocks: Stock Shares or stock are basically the certificate of ownership of the company. These are the one which are traded in the market. There are two types of stock i.e. common stock and preferred stock. Both these stock represent a partial ownership interest in the firm. Preferred stock has certain priority over the common stock they are generally paid fixed dividends. When a company becomes bankrupt they have an advantage of getting paid. Preferred shares do not have nay maturity date thus, they have more interest rate risk than bonds. The stock market is basically the trading groundÂÂ  capital market investmentÂÂ  in the Companys stocks, Derivatives, and other securities. The trading in stock market is either done physically i.e. through the open outcry or through online transactions. An investor can invest i.e. buy or sell any stock as per his choice. Analysis and performance: The analysis of stock is done by considering the fundamental factors i.e. macroeconomics information, industry news and firms financial statements. Stocks are analysed through two different methods of analysis i.e. Fundamental Analysis and Technical Analysis. Fundamental Analysis: This analysis includes the economic, Industry and company analysis of the stock. Economic Analysis: It is generally noted that the stocks performance depends on the market influence that affects all stock indexes such as Dow Jones industrial average and SP 500 stock indexes. While analysing the stock prices the analyst must consider the economic conditions of the market or country. The investor should decide the time when he can invest in stock as per the economic conditions of the nation. The analyst must consider the systematic risk before investing in the stock as the prices of market are highly influenced by the economic conditions. It is important for an analyst to forecast the short tem as wel l as the long term economic conditions before making the investment decision. Short term forecast refers to four to five years ahead whereas long term investment refers to more than five years of the forecasting. The Indexes of Economic Indicators: The economic indicators are classified on the basis of cyclic timings i.e. leading, roughly coincident or lagging. The leading indicators are those time series of data that historically research their high points and low points in advance of total economic activity. Roughly coincident indicators reach their peaks at approximately same time as the economy and lagging indicators reached their turning point when economy has already turned in. To consider the economic factors we should also look into the GDP, disposal income, demographic factors and demand as these also affect the stock process. Industry Analysis: The stocks of different industries react differently to the market condition. Cyclic stocks are more likely to get rec overed than the defensive stock. Cyclic stocks are tied up closely with the economic condition. For Industry analysis one should use the competitive strategy analysis. The key characteristics in an Industry Analysis is done by analysing past sales and past earnings performance of the industry, permanence, attitude of government towards the industry, labour conditions, competitive conditions, Industry life cycle. These are the several factors used for industry analysis. There are quite a lot of external sources of information for industry analysis such as Federal government, Investment services which includes the data in respect to Standards and Poors; the value line, Forbes, trade publications, funk and Scott index. Company Analysis: For the analysis of the stock prices of a company, it is very important to do study about the company. One need to know the performance of the company from last few years, financial analysis of last few years performance, growth rates of the compa ny for last several years. The investor has to analyse the price to book ratio, return on assets and return on equity. The analysts tried to compute and analyse the financial health of the company by the above factors which will help in analysing the stock and value of the company. The analyst should also analyse and forecast the earnings of the company will helps in analysing the return of the stock. The regression and correlation analysis is also done in forecasting. To analyse the performance of the company trend analysis is used which utilizes regression analysis. Technical Analysis of Stock: Technical analysis looks for the recurring patterns of the stock prices and its movement so that the price of the stock can be analysed. The technical analysis is done through wide range of graphs. The graphs used for technical analysis are as under: Line graphs; Bar graphs; Candlestick graphs; Point and figure charts; Market profiles; Moving averages; Oscillators, such as relative strength indicators, stochastics, and moving average convergence and divergence indicators. Charts of Price Patterns: To analyse the stock movements, technicians rely on charts or graphs of price movements and on relative strength analysis. According to the technicians, the prices of stock follow a trend and the prices of the stock are analysed can be recognized by the same. The prices of stock generally depend on the forces of supply and demand which helps the technicians to predict the likely direction of future movements. The stock is analysed through its trendline, which shows the way in which the stock is moving. If demand is increasing more rapidly than supply and the stock shows successively higher low points, it is in an uptrend whereas lower highs indicate that supply is increasing more rapidly, and the stock is in a downtrend. An investor buys a stock when the stock follows an upward trend. Line chart: Line charts are the simplest form of chart. It consists of the line connecting series of points which indicate the prices of the shares. It can be drawn on linear as well as logarithm scale. Logarithm scales are used when the price use through wide ranges. Bar charts: This chart is used to present the economic data. This chart depicts the periodic low and high and closing prices of the stock or security. There is a vertical line which connects the periods high and low prices, with a cross mark indicating the price at the close of the period. This chart is useful in analysing the daily trading of a particular stock. Point and figure chart: This chart helps in depicting the increase and decrease in price of the stock. X represents the prices increase and the O represents the price decline. Xs and Os are never shown in the same column. As soon as there is a reversal in the price of the stock the analysts moves to the next column for a new entry. Candle Stick Chart: This chart shows a stocks open, close, high and low in a modified three dimensional format. Horizontal axis depicts the passage of time whereas vertical axis shows the stock price. The white candles in the chart depict stock advances, with black candle representing declines. The thick portion of an entry is called the real body and the vertical line represents the wick. Risk in the Stock Market The stock market keeps fluctuating. The price movements of the stock are random and it required lot of study and analysis to study the performance of the stock. They are quite vulnerable to the economic conditions, speculation, press release, rumors and mass panic. The stock market prices may be very volatile due to the occurrences of the fast market changing events. Analysis and performance of Bonds: Bond A bond is a debt capital market instrument issued by a borrower, who is then required to repay to the lender/investor the amount borrowed plus interest, over a specified period of time. Bonds are also known as fixed income instruments, or fixed interest instruments in the sterling markets. Usually bonds are considered to be those debt securities with terms to maturity of over one year. Debt issued with a maturity of less than one year is considered to be money market debt. There are many different types of bonds that can be issued. The most common bond is the conventional (or plain vanilla or bullet) bond. This is a bond paying regular (annual or semi-annual) interest at a fixed rate over a fixed period to maturity or redemption, with the return of principal (the par or nominal value of the bond) on the maturity date. All other bonds will be variations on this. A bond is therefore a financial contract, in effect an IOU from the person or body that has issued the bond. Unlike sha res or equity capital, bonds carry no ownership privileges. An investor who has purchased a bond and thereby lent money to an institution will have no voice in the affairs of that institution and no vote at the annual general meeting. The bond remains an interest-bearing obligation of the issuer until it is repaid, which is usually the maturity date of the bond. The issuer can be anyone from a private individual to a sovereign government. Bond investment is different from that of stock investment. Bond investment is investing in the debt instrument that is issued by a company or government. The bond investor is actually lending money to the company while in return is promised to be paid the full principal amount plus a fixed periodic payout. The yield on the bond is calculated by putting together the final principal and total payouts received. The yield is the effective interest rate for the tenure of the bond. Analysis and performance of bond: For the analysis of bonds several arithmetical methods are used. The concepts of simple and compound interest, time vale of money, future and present value of bonds or securities are used to analyze the bonds. Simple and compound interest The value of money what we invest or receive today is not the same as we get in future. The amount of money will be different as the amount invested will bear a rate of interest. Through the different rate of interests given on a particular security using the time value one can analyse the future of the money invested. Simple interest A loan that has one interest payment on maturity is accruing simple interest. On short-term instruments there is usually only the one interest payment on maturity, hence simple interest is received when the instrument expires. FV = PV(1 + r) (2.1) Where, FV is the terminal value or future value PV is the initial investment or present value r is the interest rate. Compound Interest A loan has different interest amount on maturity. The principle amount is compounded and the interest is applied on the compounded amount. FV = PV (1 + r)n where r is the periodic rate of interest (expressed as a decimal) n is the number of periods for which the sum is invested. Time value of Money: The concept of time value of money is applied to analyze the present and the future value of the bond or any other security. Present value can be calculated when the future value of the amount is given along with the rate of interest or vice versa. Bond Indices Bonds are always approaching in maturity, and because some are redeemed early, the set of bonds in a basket changes more frequently than the shares in an equity index. Considering a hypothetical international ten-year benchmark index, as a bond falls to less than say eight years maturity, it may be replaced by the current ten-year benchmark bond. This will have different risk characteristics to the bond it replaced and will trade differently in the market as a result. As the constituents of a bond index have to change more frequently, we may not always be comparing like-for-like when we consider historical index values. There is also the issue of bond coupon payments, which make up a significant proportion of a bonds overall return, and which must therefore be incorporated in the index valuation. Nevertheless bond indices are important for the same reason that equity indices are, and form the benchmark against which fund managers performance is measured. Price of Bond: Price of a bond is equal to the present value of its cash flows. A vanilla bonds cash flows are the interest payments or coupons that are paid during the life of the bond, together with the final redemption payment. It is possible to determine the cash flows with certainty only for conventional bonds of a fixed maturity. So for example, we do not know with certainty what the cash flow are for bonds that have embedded options and can be redeemed early. The coupon payments for conventional bonds are made annually, semi-annually or quarterly. Some bonds pay monthly interest. Therefore a conventional bond of fixed redemption date is made up of an annuity (its coupon payments) and the maturity payment. If the coupon is paid semi-annually, this means exactly half the coupon is paid as interest every six months. The interest rate that is used to discount a bonds cash flows (therefore called the discount rate) is the rate required by the bondholder. It is therefore known as the bonds yield. The yield on the bond will be determined by the market and is the price demanded by investors for buying it, which is why it is sometimes called the bonds return. The required yield for any bond will depend on a number of political and economic factors, including what yield is being earned by other bonds of the same class. Yield is always quoted as an annualised interest rate, so that for a semi annually paying bond exactly half of the annual rate is used to discount the cash flows. The fair price of a bond is the present value of all its cash flows. Therefore when pricing a bond we need to calculate the present value of all the coupon interest payments and the present value of the redemption payment, and sum these. In most markets bonds are generally traded on the basis of their prices but because of the complicated patterns of cash flows that different bonds can have, they are generally compared in terms of their yields. This means that a market-maker will usually qu ote a two-way price at which she will buy or sell a particular bond, but it is the yield at which the bond is trading that is important to the market-makers customer. This is because a bonds price does not actually tell us anything useful about what we are getting. Remember that in any market there will be a number of bonds with different issuers, coupons and terms to maturity. Even in a homogeneous market such as the gilt market, different gilts will trade according to their own specific characteristics. To compare bonds in the market therefore we need the yield on any bond and it is yields that we compare, not prices. A fund manager quoted a price at which she can buy a bond will be instantly aware of what yield that price represents, and whether this yield represents fair value. So it is the yield represented by the price that is the important figure for bond traders. For analysing the yield one need to calculate the current yield, simple yield to maturity, yield to maturity. Price/Yield Relationship Plain vanilla bonds the coupon is fixed, therefore it is the price of the bond that will need to fluctuate to reflect changes in market yields. It is useful sometimes to plot the relationship between yield and price for a bond. A typical price/yield profile is a convex curve. To reiterate, for a plain vanilla bond with a fixed coupon, the price is the only variable that can change to reflect changes in the market environment. When the coupon rate of a bond is equal to the market rate, the bond price will be par (100). If the required interest rate in the market moves above a bonds coupon rate at any point in time, the price of the bond will adjust downward in order for the bondholder to realise the additional return required. Similarly if the required yield moves below the coupon rate, the price will move up to equate the yield on the bond to the market rate. As a bond will redeem at par, the capital appreciation realised on maturity acts as compensation when the coupon rate is low er than the market yield. Yield-to-maturity yield curve The most commonly occurring yield curve is the yield to maturity yield curve. The curve itself is constructed by plotting the yield to maturity against the term to maturity for a group of bonds of the same class. Bonds used in constructing the curve will only rarely have an exact number of whole years to redemption; however it is often common to see yields plotted against whole years on the x-axis. This is because once a bond is designated the benchmark for that term, its yield is taken to be the representative yield. The yield to maturity yield curve is the most commonly observed curve simply because yield to maturity is the most frequent measure of return used. Since market rates will fluctuate over time, it will not be possible to achieve this (a feature known as reinvestment risk). Only zero-coupon bondholders avoid reinvestment risk as no coupon is paid during the life of a zero-coupon bond. The yield to maturity yield curve does not distinguish between different payment pa tterns that may result from bonds with different coupons, that is, the fact that low-coupon bonds pay a higher portion of their cash flows at a later date than high-coupon bonds of the same maturity. The curve also assumes an even cash flow pattern for all bonds. Therefore in this case cash flows are not discounted at the appropriate rate for the bonds in the group being used to construct the curve. To get around this bond analysts may sometimes construct a coupon yield curve, which plots yield to maturity against term to maturity for a group of bonds with the same coupon. This may be useful when a group of bonds contains some with very high coupons; high coupon bonds often trade cheap to the curve, that is they have higher yields, than corresponding bonds of same maturity but lower coupon. This is usually because of reinvestment risk and, in some markets (including the UK), for tax reasons. The coupon yield curve The coupon yield curve is a plot of the yield to maturity against term to maturity for a group of bonds with the same coupon. If we were to construct such a curve we would see that in general high-coupon bonds trade at a discount (have higher yields) relative to low-coupon bonds, because of reinvestment risk and for tax reasons. It is frequently the case that yields vary considerably with coupon for the same term to maturity, and with term to maturity for different coupons. Put another way, usually we observe different coupon curves not only at different levels but also with different shapes. Distortions arise in the yield to maturity curve if no allowance is made for coupon differences. For this reason bond analysts frequently draw a line of best fit through a plot of redemption yields, because the coupon effect in a group of bonds will produce a curve with humps and troughs. The figure below shows a hypothetical set of coupon yield curves, however since in any group of bonds it i s unusual to observe bonds with the same coupon along the entire term structure this type of curve is relatively rare. The par yield curve The par yield curve is not usually encountered in secondary market trading, however it is often constructed for use by corporate financiers and others in the new issues or primary market. The par yield curve plots yield to maturity against term to maturity for current bonds trading at par. The par yield is therefore equal to the coupon rate for bonds priced at par or near to par, as the yield to maturity for bonds priced exactly at par is equal to the coupon rate. Those involved in the primary market will use a par yield curve to determine the required coupon for a new bond that is to be issued at par. This is because investors prefer not to pay over par for a new-issue bond, so the bond requires a coupon that will result in a price at or slightly below par. The par yield curve can be derived directly from bond yields when bonds are trading at or near par. If bonds in the market are trading substantially away from par then the resulting curve will be distorted. It is then necessary to derive it by iteration from the spot yield curve. As we would observe at almost any time, it is rare to encounter bonds trading at par for any particular maturity. The market therefore uses actual non-par vanilla bond yield curves to derive zero-coupon yield curves and then constructs hypothetical par yields that would be observed were there any par bonds being traded. Risk in the Bond Market Capital market risk in the bond market arises due to interest rate changes. There is an inverse relationship existing between the interest rate and the price of the bond. Hence the bond prices are sensitive to the monetary policy of the country as well as economic changes. Summary

The Death Penalty and Juveniles - 2945 Words

The Death Penalty and Juveniles CJA433 The Death Penalty and Juveniles In the United States, the death penalty is an issue because of its controversies. Some people see it as a punishment. Some people say â€Å"an eye for an eye,† and believe this is the way to stop youth offenders from following the path of crimes such as murders. This does not only pertain to the youth but also to the adults. Others believe the death penalty to be cruel and unusual punishment even for the adults. In the law, juveniles are no different when considering the death penalty. These people believe a juvenile should be sentenced to death for murder. Then there are those who believe juveniles should not be sentenced to death. Proposal The intent of this†¦show more content†¦This will give proof rehabilitation could work or no longer works on prisoners regardless of race, religion, background and poverty level. The system itself should be classified as failures. All inmates treated the same and when evaluations come up all areas in an inmate’s time in prison should be examined. Social therapy, exercise, basically all aspects would need to be controlled to have uniformity and equal opportunity. To make sure all prisoners have the chance to rehabilitate and make a possible future if the death penalty were to not be an issue. The death penalty will be at the forefront of all issues with the young criminals until someone sees how he or she do with the rehabilitation and make it known there is hope for our youth. There would be variable differences from model inmates to the mad dog killer type of criminals and all personalities in the middle. The types of personalities are different before entering the criminal justice system. There is no way to control the effect if all subjects are treated equal then the effects would be minimal. If all inmates have the same effects then the system may be flawed. Inmates are different no matter what crim e they have committed they have to be treated for each individual case. If all are treated the same you will not know how to protect or how they are going to actually act toShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty For Juveniles946 Words   |  4 Pages The death penalty for minors differs greatly from the death penalty for adult. The law that minor could be put on death row was decided to rule against the eighth amendment. The eighth amendment prohibits the act of â€Å"cruel and unusual punishment† which putting minors on death row breaks. On March 4, 2005 the law that minors could not be put on death row for their actions was set into place. The new laws say, â€Å"They cannot punish a minor by death penalty and they cannot punish someone for a crimeRead MoreThe Death Penalty For Juveniles1169 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Paper: Death Penalty for Juveniles Capital punishment for juveniles is one of the most controversial topics to ever be explored in society and in the criminal justice system. The death penalty is a rare occurrence amongst juveniles since it is so arguable as to whether they should be tried as adults. Lynn Cothern from the Juvenile Justice Resource Center suggests that â€Å"the primary purpose of the juvenile justice system is to hold juvenile offenders accountable for delinquent acts whileRead MoreJuvenile and the Death Penalty1817 Words   |  8 PagesENG101 Dr. Ankerberg March 6, 2007 Essay #2 Juveniles and the Death Penalty Today, minors are using their age as a shield against capital punishment. Adolescents believe that since they are not eighteen they will not be punished for the crimes they commit. The death penalty is appropriate for juveniles in certain circumstances, such as murder and brutal crimes that are considered capital offenses. The rate at which the death penalty is carried out, as well as inconstancies in sentencingRead MoreJuveniles and The Death Penalty Essay1604 Words   |  7 PagesJuveniles and The Death Penalty *No Works Cited One of the most controversial issues in the rights of juveniles today is addressed in the question, Should the death penalty be applied to juveniles? For nearly a century the juvenile courts have existed to shield the majority of juvenile offenders from the full weight of criminal law and to protect their entitled special rights and immunities. In the case of kent vs. United states in 1996, Justice Fortas stated some of these special rightsRead MoreJuvenile Death Penalty Essay1353 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile Death Penalty One of the most controversial questions in the juvenile justice system today is, Should the death penalty be applied to juveniles?†. A lot of people think that the death penalty for juveniles is cruel and unusual punishment and should only be used for adults. The crimes that juveniles commit are as dangerous and as violent as adult crimes. People argue that the adolescent brain does not mature until the late teens or early twenties, and that death penalty should not be theRead MoreEssay on Juvenile Death Penalty1824 Words   |  8 PagesDeath at 18? One of the most controversial issues in the country today is addressed in the question, Should the death penalty be applied to juveniles, and if so how young is too young? The death penalty has been in the United States for many, many years, and the United States still has yet to figure out how to solve all its dilemmas and whether or not the penalty is right or wrong. Debates about the use of the death penalty for juveniles have grown more intense because of the recent demand forRead MoreEssay on Juvenile Death Penalty3656 Words   |  15 Pagesunconstitutional to sentence a juvenile under the age of 18 to the death penalty. Before, Roper v. Simmons, in Thompson v. Oklahoma it had been decided that only those under the age of 16 could not be considered for the death penalty. Were these decisions correct? If an adolescent can commit such a heinous crime as homicide should they not also be able then to handle the consequences? The other side of the argument against the juvenile dea th penalty states that juveniles do not have the same reasoningRead MoreEssay on No Death Penalty for Juveniles2164 Words   |  9 Pagesthat the death penalty is, â€Å"the punishment of execution, administered to someone legally convicted of a capital crime.† Capital crimes array from murder to drug trafficking. In the United States the death penalty is mostly administered towards first-degree murder, with non-murder crimes varying by state. â€Å"Currently, only 58 nations actively practice the death penalty, with 96 countries having abolished it, the remainder have not used the death penalty for 10 years or only allow for death in exceptionalRead MoreThe Juvenile Death Penalty: A Case For It1583 Words   |  7 Pagesschool with a 3.5 accumulative grade point average, pulling a 4.0 grade point average from the time of my expulsion on. I walked across the same stage as the athletes, the band geeks, the book worms and the teacher’s pets. An expelled student with a juvenile record walked across the same stage as the full ride scholarship earners and the Valedictorians. Today, I am attending the University of Northern Colorado, double majoring in Criminal Justice and Psychology. I received a 3.4 grade point average myRead More Death Penalty Applied to Juveniles Essay1684 Words   |  7 PagesDeath Penalty Applied to Juveniles   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1643 a sixteen year old boy was put to death for sodomizing a cow. Three hundred and fifty years later, sixteen states have legitimized the execution of juveniles. Four of those twelve states have lowered the legal age of execution to twelve. For whatever reasons the death penalty has been supported by the public since this countrys existence. In this day and age of increasing violence, both juvenile and adult, it is time to re-examine the use